And one of the ways that they actually stay back is the ability to internally rotate and pronate the front side arm. So the lead arm as they're pronating and reaching towards home plate, that's what actually pushes them back. And so Nick, you mentioned something in your question where you said the pronation of the glove hand compresses the front of the thorax, I would offer that what that does is it actually internally rotates the shoulder and positions the scapula to allow the internal rotation to occur. But what we have is we have internal rotation at the shoulder, but we'll have an eccentric yielding contraction at the stern, which allows the pump handle to come up. Otherwise, I can't capture this position. If I can't create the expansion under the pump handle on the lead arm side, I cannot stay back over the right foot. So I can't keep myself back. So then that's going to be the guy that doesn't hold the rear foot position long enough to capture the energy. And so they're essentially, they're either going to fall out of that front leg or they're going to try to push too soon. And then again, you're going to probably see that bilateral extra rotation or the extension based strategy in the throw. So again, great questions, Nick. So again, the things that I would check in that regard would be, do I have normal internal rotation on that lead arm? So if we go back to the lefty concept, whereas we might be concerned with with arm rotation or shoulder rotation rather of the throwing side, which is the left side, we also need to make sure that we have internal rotation on that lead arm because if I don't have internal rotation of the lead shoulder for a left-handed pitcher, and because I have a natural tendency to propel off that left side early, you're going to have a picture that cannot stay back on the left side if I don't have right shoulder interrotation on a left-handed pitcher. So this is actually kind of a big deal and a great question from Nick. And so again, I love talking about this kind of stuff and I especially like talking with you high-level guys that are that are working with the higher level pitchers because you guys get the specificity experience that I don't get because the number of pitchers that I work with on a regular basis are probably four to five year where you guys are getting any number of those guys. So I like talking to you guys.

I would caution you against trying to say, oh, this is a sports hernia protocol. I don't think those things exist. I think we have to treat the humans. I can't pronounce this name; it looks like A F H O O G S. So however you pronounce that. This is a student question. So this is exciting. Do you have any advice on handling the current DPT education knowing that much of it is no longer best practices? So that's a really, really strong question. I like this a lot. First, let me throw this out: in physical therapy, there is no such thing as best practices. It's impossible. We're dealing with complexity. At best, what we have are what's called emergent practices. So we don't know what will be the best choice. What we have to do in a complex situation is intervene, then reassess. So you have what is presented—that's our evaluation. We provide an intervention and then we reevaluate for the outcome, and that guides our practice. So that is an emergent type of practice, and so there are no best practices. So right away that's in favor of the PT curriculum in a way, and that they're doing the best that they can. They're trying to provide you with elements of education that they think are reasonable and necessary. Most of the curriculums have to teach a certain way because there's a board's exam that they have to support, which is unfortunate. But I would also default to Max Planck's quote in regards to science progressing one funeral at a time. And so there are people in charge who are driving these curricula. I don't know; my Latin is kind of weak. So they're driving these curricula and they have to do the best they can. I get to talk to some of these academic people regularly just because I have a student every semester, and they are going to pickle too. There are things they have to teach that they don't want to, but I think it's going to be a matter of practitioners like yourselves who will eventually take power. And rather than doing it as we have always done, I would hope that you would start to try to change those things. As a consumer, as a student who is paying for an education, it is also your responsibility to ask questions. And I think that's something that unfortunately gets squelched in academia: that the instructors understand there are things that don't necessarily apply in the real world anymore, but they have to teach them. And so they encourage students not to ask the difficult questions or they're incapable of answering them, just because of the environment they're teaching in, which is unfortunate, because I think when the student is paying an absorbent sum of money, they deserve to get what they pay for. So what I would offer you as a piece of advice is to continue to educate yourself outside of your curriculum. Take continuing education courses as you're allowed to, and you get discounts, which is really nice. But I would also encourage you to try to learn as much as you can with the understanding that there will be information in conflict. And so what this does provide is a very powerful concept called an earned opinion. So when you can argue multiple sides of anything, that allows you to have an informed and earned opinion, which gives you the capacity to see things from multiple sides and allows you to problem solve much more effectively. So let's not look at this as a negative that you're stuck in this curriculum. Let's look at the curriculum as one viewpoint and then this expansive amount of information and education available to you, which will provide you with this earned opinion that eventually will again give you great power in regards to how you intervene with your patients.

Your daughter looks very young.

Yeah, so everything is going to compress anterior to posterior at the, keep in mind it's a twist, right? You understand that we're turning?

Uh huh.

We want to go over the entire book of respiratory physiology.

I guess early, but I'm just trying to see the difference.

I'm not practicing anymore. OK, but what was your what was your art? What did you what did you study?

My sumo deadlift is like 30 pounds to 50 pounds heavier than the conventional. Yeah.

In this particular scenario. I'm with you. OK. Now I understand. But so I assume you can end up with some excessive yielding that allows the expansion while also some scarring down that prevents the movement.

OK.

A lot.

No, it was folded and clean. It just did not make it back into the drawer. All right, so I have a question. Like just trying to refine the process that got me to an outcome a little bit. So I went to this patient once with their economy for low back pain, pretty much like anything where she had to assume like a flex posture. So toe touch was the main KPI that we were using. It was painful.

Just on the medial border of the patella, if I press there, it hurts. And it keeps that hanging right in that 60 degrees of hip flexion.

See if Lalo comes back on. See if it works.

Right to left. I'm with you. By pushing off the right side, reloading it and moving the center mass to the left, that allows the right side to achieve the orientation. That allows the left side to come down lower than it.

Okay.

You are.

When I say turn, that's implying like a real turn. A better word would be like he's really oriented to the left.

I apologize, and he has a question. I had to come to Europe to get up at a reasonable time for these calls.

Okay.

She did not, but she had the knee ACL operated a few years back.

Like a ramp.

My sacrum is going to be left, yeah.

I was just thinking because the scoliotic patients that I get to work with are all narrow. So I was just thinking maybe they're more biased because they're looking at force production, how to produce the force into the ground.

So fix the apex. Okay.

Like at their belly?

Yes.

Until you hit the bottom. And you said the reduction of the muscle activity will increase the yielding potential of the connective tissue.

You said depth. I'm sorry.