Good morning. Happy Monday. I have neuro coffee in hand and it is perfect. Okay, so kind of an odd day. This is a holiday. Please take into consideration those people that are our most important. And those are the people that we celebrate, the people that have done things for us, given everything and continue to do so. And so I appreciate all of you very much and I hope that everyone else does as well. Okay, I'm going to dive right into a Q&A here from Michael or Mike. Mike says, I came across your YouTube video on the Camperini deadlift as a hip mobility drill prior to squats. Can you explain what's happening at the pelvis and sacrum on the backside leg and the front side leg? Are you regaining push to your expansion on the back leg just above the pelvis? So really good question. And I think that you're already kind of on track there, Mike, as far as what your thought process is. But let's go ahead and let's break this down just a little bit more as to what's going on prior to why we would select this activity, and then a little bit on the execution as far as the mechanics are concerned. If you have any questions about how it's executed, just go to the YouTube channel and check out that variation of the staggered stance deadlift. But so if we look at pelvis mechanics, and we'll just pick on the left side because it's easy. So if I have a posterior compressive strategy here that closes this space and pushes the pelvis into an orientation where it's going to be turning to the right, so I've got a lot of concentric orientation here. What I'm going to see from a measurement standpoint is I'll see a limited traditional hip internal rotation measure. I'll also see limited hip flexion and straight leg raise in many of those cases. And so what I need to do is recapture some eccentric orientation here and I need to reorient the pelvis into a left turn to allow me to capture full movement options. And so that's when we would select something like the Camperini deadlift because of the hip position. So we're going to approximate a 90 degree position of the pelvis in this forward position at the bottom of the camperini deadlift. So what we're actually doing is we're trying to create that eccentric orientation in this lower posterior aspect. Now because of the way we hold the weight and because of the position of the weight, we're also creating expansion above the pelvis, so we're talking about below the level of the scapula and the posterior rib cage, so we also need to expand that as well because I've got that iterative effect of this area of the pelvis being analogous to that area of the thorax.

As I move into the deadlift position, I'm going to be oriented to this 90 degrees that immediately biases me towards an acceleration strategy. So I'm going to get a concentrically oriented pelvic diaphragm. But the cool thing because of the shift in the pelvis this way, and because of the internal rotation I'm creating, I'm going to open up that space here. So I'm actually going to create that space. So that gives me the eccentric orientation that I'm looking for under those circumstances. Now, Mikey asked about the other leg. So the cool thing about the other leg is that chances are if I had this compressive strategy here, I had the expansive strategy on the opposing side. And that's what helped me turn the pelvis to the right. And so what I'm actually going to do is I'm going to create a compressive strategy here that opposes the expansive strategy on the other side, so it creates my eccentric strategy on the front side. So again, I'm sort of robbing Peter to pay Paul here. I'm compressing the right side to create the expansive strategy on the left side. And so then I get my return of my internal rotation. I should see the change in the straight leg raise, and I should see the change in the hip flexion as well. I'm also going to get carryover into the upper extremity because the chances are those measures were also limited in the upper extremity. So it's kind of a nice little big bang exercise. It's also got a limited excursion in regards to its stagger which would prevent me from moving into a compensatory strategy. So if I was to try to move somebody into like a split stance or a half kneeling position, chances are under those circumstances of the initial a compressive strategy with a constant orientation lower posterior aspect of the pelvis lower posterior aspect of the rib cage I would fail under the circumstances because I would immediately move them into their compensatory strategy and in many cases that's why exercise selection is so important is that you have to respect what strategies these people are using so you don't push them farther into their compensations. And then if the goal is to restore ranges of motion, we got to keep them within those active constraints. So Mike, I hope that answers your question for you. Again, if you have any further questions, in regards to that activity there is a video on YouTube. There's actually a couple representations I believe using that exercise to recapture hip internal rotation. So check those out if you have any other questions, please let me know go to ask bill Hartman in gmail.com have an outstanding Wednesday finish your coffee grab a workout go for a walk. It's a beautiful day here in lovely Indianapolis so we're going to take advantage of that today and I will see you tomorrow.

I have neuro coffee in hand and it is perfect as usual. Okay. Solid Tuesday coming up. Looking forward to it. Got a great question from Jeremy. Jeremy wants to talk a little bit about shape change associated with movement and how do we identify? Do we have a relative position change? Is it soft tissue? Do we have end-feel situations that can be useful? and I'm going to ramble a little bit probably, but I'm going to try to tie all of this together to give what I believe is a representative model of what is actually going on because there are a lot of things to consider. when we're talking about active range of motion versus passive range of motion and fields, et cetera. Because we have an interaction here of all things. We can't just look at things from this limited scope. And I think that some of the modeling that has been utilized in the past, it misrepresents a lot of things as to how they change as we move. So let me grab the pelvis here. Since you did ask about public shape change. So one thing that we want to we want to always understand is that all movement is shape change The hard models that we use are And the way that they represent movement creates sort of this representation that this whole bone is moving and therefore I get this positional adjustment in the acetabulum and that provides me an element of range of motion when the reality is, is that it is always shape change that is turning this acetabulum. So let me give you a for instance. So if I wanted to access active range of motion in internal rotation, the pelvis has to actually elongate anteriorly to put the acetabulum in that antiverted position to access internal rotation. However, if I'm performing passive range of motion testing on a table on a human on a living breathing human being, I am actually inducing that shape change as I move them into passive motion. So if I have them at say 90 degrees of hip flexion and I'm going to internally rotate that hip, that is me inducing the shape change. So as I push into the acetal and I turn them, I have this interaction of the tissues that surround this hip joint. I have the fluid volume in the hip joint itself that is creating the shape change or promoting the shape change that will allow that pelvis to actually elongate anteriorly, expand anteriorly, and then I can access that inter-orientation. So when I am successfully measuring normal hip inter-orientation, that's what's happening. However, if I have some form of muscle activity on the front side of the pelvis that is promoting a compressive strategy on the front of the pelvis as I move that hip into internal rotation, I still have the same interactions of tissues. I still have the same interactions of the fluid volumes in the joint and within the muscles themselves. but I have a compressive strategy that does not allow the fluid volumes or the tissue behavior that allows me to access that internal rotation. So there becomes the limitation. Each of those limitations is going to promote some form of an end feel. So if I look at viscoelastic tissues and the way that they're loaded, they behave differently under certain circumstances. So, One of the representations that I always use is silica putty because it is viscoelastic in its nature and so it behaves just like viscoelastic tissues do. And so one of the things that we need to represent when we're talking about end fields is that if I pull on viscoelastic tissues very, very slowly, they elongate under my tension. So this would be much like a yielding action that would be associated with some form of active motion. But I can actually produce these yielding actions passively under these circumstances where I load the tissues very gradually. However, if I pull very, very quickly, you'll see that the tissues become very, very stiff. And then it snaps off very, very clean. So we have to understand that certain tissues are loaded at different rates, even when we're moving someone passively, because if I have concentric orientation of musculature, the surrounding connective tissues within a reasonable range of that concentric muscle activity are already loaded. And so as I move them through space, they will behave in a stiffer representation than say something that I was loading it much slower. And I had some eccentric orientation that allowed greater movement to occur. Those tissues might be loaded slower and so I'll get a softer end feel that's associated with that. So I have to understand that I have these interactions. Again, what all this does is allows me to identify, one, what ranges of motion can I access? What strategies do I have that are limiting the shape change of, in this case, the pelvis? And then is there any other influences from a tissue behavior standpoint that might allow me to determine what strategy this individual is using from an eccentric to concentric yielding to overcoming strategy. And so again, so there's a lot of interactions here that I believe are influences in the hip range of motion. But the thing that I want you to understand is that it is always, always a shape change. And then the muscle activities, so the compressive strategies that are superficial create greater stiffness, they limit the fluid shifts. And so that's why we're going to start to see these deficits in passive range of motion because it is me that is inducing the shape change during passive range of motion. It is the individual that has to coordinate the shape change to allow active range of motion. So I think if we had to narrow this down to like the big idea of today's Q&A, is that all motion is shape change. You've got to be able to do it actively and I have to be able to represent it passively to know that I do have that shape change available to me under certain circumstances. So again, moving somebody on the table is not the same as standing up. So now we have a great activity structure to our programming to allow this person to go from Yes, we have a passive representation on the table, but can we create an active representation against gravity? And that's a whole different world, but that's why we train people. That's why we move them through these great activities is to allow them to access the shape changes themselves and hopefully either produce an element of health or performance that they seek. I realized this was kind of like a long drawn out kind of a thing, a little bit of rambling going on, but hopefully I said something that was useful for you. If not, then please ask a question. Send it to askbillharman at gmail.com and I'll see you guys tomorrow.

I still have the same interactions of the fluid volumes in the joint and within the muscles themselves, but I have a compressive strategy that does not allow the fluid volumes or the tissue behavior that allows me to access that internal rotation. So there becomes the limitation. Each of those limitations is going to promote some form of an end feel. So, if I look at viscoelastic tissues and the way they're loaded, they behave differently under certain circumstances. One of the representations that I always use is silica putty because it is viscoelastic in its nature and so it behaves just like viscoelastic tissues do. So one of the things that we need to represent when we're talking about end feels is that if I pull on viscoelastic tissues very, very slowly, they elongate under my tension. This would be much like a yielding action that would be associated with some form of active motion. But I can actually produce these yielding actions passively under these circumstances where I load the tissues very gradually. However, if I pull very, very quickly, you'll see that the tissues become very, very stiff and then they snap off very, very clean. So we have to understand that certain tissues are loaded at different rates, even when we're moving someone passively, because if I have concentric orientation of musculature, the surrounding connective tissues within a reasonable range of that concentric muscle activity are already loaded. And so as I move them through space, they will behave in a stiffer representation than something that I was loading much slower where I had some eccentric orientation that allowed greater movement to occur. Those tissues might be loaded slower, so I'll get a softer end feel that's associated with that. So I have to understand that I have these interactions. Again, what all this does is allows me to identify, one, what ranges of motion can I access? What strategies do I have that are limiting the shape change of, in this case, the pelvis? And then is there any other influences from a tissue behavior standpoint that might allow me to determine what strategy this individual is using from an eccentric to concentric yielding to overcoming strategy. So again, there are a lot of interactions here that I believe are influences in the hip range of motion. But the thing that I want you to understand is that it is always, always a shape change. And then the muscle activities, the compressive strategies that are superficial create greater stiffness, they limit the fluid shifts. And so that's why we're going to start to see these deficits in passive range of motion because it is me that is inducing the shape change during passive range of motion. It is the individual that has to coordinate the shape change to allow active range of motion.

I think if we had to narrow this down to the big idea of today's Q&A, is that all motion is shape change. You've got to be able to do it actively and I have to be able to represent it passively to know that I do have that shape change available to me under certain circumstances. So again, moving somebody on the table is not the same as standing up. So now we have a great activity structure to our programming to allow this person to go from yes, we have a passive representation on the table, but can we create an active representation against gravity? And that's a whole different world, but that's why we train people. That's why we move them through these great activities is to allow them to access the shape changes themselves and hopefully either produce an element of health or performance that they seek. I realize this was kind of a long drawn out thing, a little bit of rambling going on, but hopefully I said something that was useful for you. If not, then please ask a question. Send it to askbillharman at gmail.com and I'll see you guys tomorrow. Good morning. Happy Wednesday. I have neuro coffee in hand and it is perfect as usual. So little behind the scenes action. I'm shooting this later than I normally do. So I'm a little off. So hopefully I'll still be useful to some of you. But I also acquired my foot model. From the purple room, because I got a question from Eric. Eric said, you posted a video of sled dragging for ankle mobility, and he wanted me to break down the thought process for why this may help with ankle mobility, where other strategies have failed. And so a couple things, I think when we're talking about ankle mobility, we can't ignore what happens above, and we can't ignore what happens within the foot itself. And some of the foot stuff is still ill-defined, I think, nor even defined in some cases where there's a tremendous amount of complexity in all those little bones and such. What I want to do is talk through a little bit of a simplified model of the foot that might help with a little bit of perspective as far as why this sled dragging concept actually helps with the angle mobility. I think one of the things that people are looking at because they use these defined three dimensional sagittal frontal and transverse planes is because they get a little confused because they start thinking that the ankle moves in the sagittal plane. When the reality is it rotates just like every other joint so it moves on a helix just like every other joint does which is why you see all the diagonal angles and such for axes of motion as described in the literature. But again, I want to really, really simplify this to a great degree. But when you're trying to drive sagittal motions, there are things that can interrupt this because it can stop the rotation that would naturally occur within the mortise, within the sub-tailor joint, the movement of the calcinius, and the movement through the remainder of the foot. So in the sled drain video, if you watch that video, I was walking to my left. And so I have a right foot in hand. So we're going to talk about the right foot as far as how we're going to gain this ankle mobility. And one thing that I want you to recognize is this fifth ray has its own little axis of rotation. And so we're going to use that to help us acquire ankle mobility. So we need this little guy to have its normal rotation. So if you have one of those little pinky toes that tucks under the fourth toe, what I want you to recognize is that fifth ray and my definition is externally rotated. and what we need is to capture normal ankle mobility is we need to make sure that it can externally rotate which would supinate the foot and it needs to internally rotate which would provide us a measure of pronation and so I think a lot of people are lacking this fifth ray mobility and so they get stuck in these early phases of propulsion and they either roll off to the medial aspect of the foot or they have some other compensatory strategy. So as we walk through as we walk through, I'm going to use this as a surface, as we walk through this lateral sled drag and we land in this supinated position. So we're going to land in relative tibial external rotation, but the talus is already moving towards the traditional plantar flexion adductive position of closed chain pronation. But I'm going to land on this lateral aspect. And what I can do is I can actually put pressure through the fifth ray right there and I can capture what I would call internal rotation of that of that fifth ray and in doing so as I land I've got a planar flexed adducted talus and I can move the tibia from external rotation to internal rotation so I start to capture a much more realistic and effective pronated position of the subtalar joint. I'll land on the medial aspect of the first ray which will prevent me from going into too much pronation. I'll capture what we would traditionally call dorsiflection as I have a normal closed kinetic chain pronation position of the ankle and then as I push off from the medial aspect of the foot, I'll have a useful, propulsive first rate to push off of because of the landing mechanics, of landing towards the inside of that first ray as I push off. So I get this full rotation of the tibia across. I capture a normal sub-tailor joint position for pronation, which will allow me to access a lot of the ankle mobility that people are lacking. Once again, they tend to get stuck in this position where I don't have normal rotation through the fifth ray. It limits my ability to dorsiflex. And so if I can capture that with that lateral sled drag motion where I'm rolling from the outside of the foot to the inside of the foot and rotating the tibia across as I go, I pick up a lot more ankle mobility. So Eric, I hope that answers your question. The foot's a really, really confusing place to look, but I think there's some elements that we can always utilize to simplify things. There are also iterations of the foot up the chain, which we can talk about at a future date. But anyway, I wanted to get that out to you and give you an idea of why I think that lateral sled drag is a useful activity to recapture some of that ankle mobility. So I will see you guys tomorrow at the Coaches in Coffee call on Thursday morning, 6 a.m. Eastern time, bill standard time. There's already a bunch of people that have contacted me about being there. So I'm looking forward to that and I will see you tomorrow. Michelle, is this your first call?

But again, I want to really, really simplify this to a great degree. But when you're trying to drive sagittal motions, there are things that can interrupt this because it can stop the rotation that would naturally occur within the mortise, within the sub-tailor joint, the movement of the calcinius, and the movement through the remainder of the foot. So in the sled drain video, if you watch that video, I was walking to my left. And so I have a right foot in hand. So we're going to talk about the right foot as far as how we're going to gain this ankle mobility. And one thing that I want you to recognize is this fifth ray has its own little axis of rotation. And so we're going to use that to help us acquire ankle mobility. So we need this little guy to have its normal rotation. So if you have one of those little pinky toes that tucks under the fourth toe, what I want you to recognize is that fifth ray and my definition is externally rotated. and what we need is to capture normal ankle mobility is we need to make sure that it can externally rotate which would supinate the foot and it needs to internally rotate which would provide us a measure of pronation and so I think a lot of people are lacking this fifth ray mobility and so they get stuck in these early phases of propulsion and they either roll off to the medial aspect of the foot or they have some other compensatory strategy. So as we walk through As we walk through, I'm going to use this as a surface, as we walk through this lateral sled drag and we land in this supinated position. So we're going to land in relative tibial external rotation, but the talus is already moving towards the traditional plantar flexion adductive position of closed chain pronation. But I'm going to land on this lateral aspect. And what I can do is I can actually put pressure through the fifth ray right there and I can capture what I would call internal rotation of that of that fifth ray and in doing so as I land I've got a planar flexed adducted talus and I can move the tibia from external rotation to internal rotation so I start to capture a much more realistic and effective pronated position of the subtalar joint. I'll land on the medial aspect of the first ray which will prevent me from going into too much pronation. I'll capture what we would traditionally call dorsiflection as I have a normal closed kinetic chain pronation position of the ankle and then as I push off from the medial aspect of the foot, I'll have a useful, propulsive first rate to push off of because of the landing mechanics, of landing towards the inside of that first ray as I push off. So I get this full rotation of the tibia across. I capture a normal sub-tailor joint position for pronation, which will allow me to access a lot of the ankle mobility that people are lacking. Once again, they tend to get stuck in this position where I don't have normal rotation through the fifth ray. It limits my ability to dorsiflex. And so if I can capture that with that lateral sled drag motion where I'm rolling from the outside of the foot to the inside of the foot and rotating the tibia across as I go, I pick up a lot more ankle mobility.

So I get this full rotation of the tibia across. I capture a normal subtalar joint position for pronation, which allows me to access a lot of the ankle mobility that people are lacking. Once again, they tend to get stuck in this position where I don't have normal rotation through the fifth ray. It limits my ability to dorsiflex. And so if I can capture that with that lateral sled drag motion where I'm rolling from the outside of the foot to the inside of the foot and rotating the tibia across as I go, I pick up a lot more ankle mobility. So Eric, I hope that answers your question. The foot's a really, really confusing place to look, but I think there are some elements that we can always utilize to simplify things. There are also iterations of the foot up the chain, which we can talk about at a future date. But anyway, I wanted to get that out to you and give you an idea of why I think that lateral sled drag is a useful activity to recapture some of that ankle mobility.

Yes, it is.

Okay, well, so since it's your first call, you have to start.

All right, I'll start. Can we talk about overcoming and yielding as it relates in general to everything, but also specifically to cutting mechanics?

Yeah, absolutely. So with the heavy question first, I'm not used to this. I'm used to talking about like, you know, casual things. Like what kind of thoughts are you having tonight? Exactly. I'm having the best salsa. It's actually indoors. I get to go in and everything. Okay. So, yielding and overcoming are descriptions of how the forces are distributed beyond the muscle fibers. So it goes into the rest of the stuff. So the rest of the stuff would be connective tissues. So here's what I want you to think about. I want you to think about a trampoline. And so you're going on trampoline? Okay, good. Okay. This is awesome then. So when the trampoline is all set up and it's got the springs that attach it to the frame, right? Okay. And then you have the center part, which is what you bounce on, right? So what I want you to do is fix the size of the thing that you're bouncing on. So the surface that you actually bounce on on the trampoline is fixed. Okay. What we're going to do is manipulate the tension on the springs. Okay, so if I loosen the springs and I get on the trampoline and the trampoline gives way, that's yielding. Okay. If I tension up those springs and make them really, really, really tight, so now the surface is more taut, but the surface is exactly the same as it was when it was loose. Now when I get on the surface, there's not as much give, right? And because the springs are stiffer, then more of that tension actually goes into the frame and into the ground, okay? That's overcoming, right? Now I want you to stand on the trampoline when it's yielding, so on the loose springs, okay? The trampoline's not gonna change size, but I'm gonna tension the springs while you're standing on it. And so you're actually gonna go up, you feel that, you understand? Okay. So you just went from a yielding action to an overcoming action, okay? The way that this happens inside of us is based on the rate of loading associated with the activity. The slower the rate of loading, the more yielding you'll have. So the tissues that approximate the musculature that's doing the work will basically elongate. And that creates a dampening effect, right? So let me give you an example of that. Have you ever done a box jump? Okay. So if you jump off of a box and you come down and you land and you absorb the landing so you're really quiet, but you feel that you lower your center of gravity and it takes time for you to come to a halt, okay? All right, that would be a representation of yielding in a dynamic activity, okay? If you land and you land hard at the very end of the jump, so instead of absorbing it gradually, you go, okay, really hard, overcome. There's a yielding moment. There's always a yielding and overcoming that happen at the same time. I need you to understand that. It's just a bias. So we're doing this to varying degrees. There's a gradient of activity here that we're talking about. And so that is the representation of what yielding and overcoming is. So we're talking about cutting. As I said, I'm dynamically moving, I'm doing whatever I'm doing, whether I'm doing a drill, I'm playing sports and I'm going to go cut off my right foot, okay. So I reach out with my right foot. Okay. It touches the ground and then everything moves in that direction. Okay. And so unless I want to hit a big hard jolt, I got to be yielding. Get it? Okay. So initially I'm yielding, but I'm also decelerating. Okay. I'm also changing joint angles. So I have muscles that are changing links and then I have connective tissues that are absorbing force. The rate at which I absorb that force determines whether the tissues are really, really stiff overcoming or whether they're softer in yielding. So you see how there's a combination of things, but we tend to just represent the description by the bias, okay? So where you're gonna see the biggest overcoming element is at the, like right at the turnaround. You get it? So I move into it. I'm yield, yield, yield. Less yield, more overcome. Less yield, more overcome. Yes, less yield, more overcome. Boom, overcome going in the other direction. Get it? But this is happening all the time, just varying degrees. And so the stiffness of tissues behave differently under those circumstances based on the rate, the rate at which they're loaded.

Yes, lots of times when I was growing up. We had to trampoline, both a small one and a larger one.

Okay. The trampolines all set up and it's got the springs that attach it to the frame, right? And then you have the center part, which is what you bounce on. So what I want you to do is fix the size of the thing that you're bouncing on. So the surface that you actually bounce on on the trampoline is fixed. We're going to manipulate the tension on the springs. If I loosen the springs and get on the trampoline and it gives way, that's yielding. If I tension up those springs and make them really, really tight, now the surface is more taut, but it's exactly the same as it was when it was loose. Now when I get on the surface, there's not as much giveaway, and because the springs are stiffer, more of that tension actually goes into the frame and into the ground—that's overcoming. Now I want you to stand in the trampoline when it's yielding, so on the loose springs. The trampoline's not gonna change size, but I'm gonna tension the springs while you're standing on it. And so you're actually gonna go up, feel that? You understand? So you just went from a yielding action to an overcoming action. The way that this happens inside of us is based on the rate of loading associated with the activity. The slower the rate of loading, the more yielding you'll have. So the tissues that approximate the musculature that's doing the work will basically elongate, and that creates a dampening effect. Let me give you an example. Have you ever done a box jump? If you jump off of a box and come down and absorb the landing so you're really quiet but you feel that you lower your center of gravity and it takes time for you to come to a halt, that's yielding in a dynamic activity. If you land hard at the very end of the jump instead of absorbing it gradually, that's overcoming. There's always a yielding and overcoming that happen at the same time. It's just a bias. We're doing this to varying degrees. There's a gradient of activity here that we're talking about. And that is the representation of what yielding and overcoming is. So we're talking about cutting. As I'm dynamically moving, whether I'm doing a drill or playing sports, and I'm going to go cut off my right foot, I reach out with my right foot. It touches the ground, and then everything moves in that direction. Unless I want to hit a big hard jolt, I got to be yielding. Initially I'm yielding, but I'm also decelerating, changing joint angles. So I have muscles that are changing links and connective tissues that are absorbing force. The rate at which I absorb that force determines whether the tissues are really, really stiff overcoming or whether they're softer in yielding. So you see how there's a combination of things, but we tend to just represent the description by the bias. So where you're gonna see the biggest overcoming element is at the turnaround. I move into it. I'm yield, yield, yield. Less yield, more overcome. Less yield, more overcome. Boom, overcome going in the other direction. But this is happening all the time, just to varying degrees.

So I reach out with my right foot. It touches the ground and then everything moves in that direction. Unless I want to hit a big hard jolt, I got to be yielding. Initially I'm yielding, but I'm also decelerating. I'm also changing joint angles. So I have muscles that are changing links and then I have connective tissues that are absorbing force. The rate at which I absorb that force determines whether the tissues are really, really stiff overcoming or whether they're softer in yielding. So there's a combination of things, but we tend to just represent the description by the bias. So where you're gonna see the biggest overcoming element is at the turnaround. You move into it. I'm yielding, yielding, yielding. Less yield, more overcome. Less yield, more overcome. Boom, overcome going in the other direction. But this is happening all the time, just to varying degrees.

And so what we're going to eventually see then is we're going to see a lot of activity in this lower area. So you're going to get a lot of superficial activity from, say, lower glute max. Upper glute max is going to be compressive. Adductors are going to be compressive in the front side. So you have something that does not have a lot of excursion in the hip joints. When you see the loss of the straight leg raise, the really limited toe touches, you know you've got a lot of muscle activity down through here. You also have the compressive strategies as we said. So here's the end game in this situation. So take every superficial strategy that we can imagine when we're talking about pelvis and rib cage. And so we got somebody that's pretty much squished, kind of like that. Okay. And then the last position that they're going to get into is actually going to be in inhalation compensatory strategy. So every other superficial strategy is a compressive strategy for exhalation purposes and a maintained position against gravity in the upright. And so the last thing that they're gonna do is they're gonna bend forward at about T8. So right at the base of the scapula, they're gonna bend. And so they're gonna have that kind of an orientation on the spine. And so this is actually inhalation. So they're actually grabbing the front of the pelvis with rectus abdominis. They're grabbing the front of the pelvis and pulling upward. So they're pulling upward on the pelvis. And so they bend at that T7, T8 area on the spine and that is an inhalation compensatory strategy because think about it if I squeeze with everything on the outside I still have to have a way to get air in. Okay, but now you have somebody that has zero rotation so they're getting pushed into the ground they're trying to push themselves up with all these compensatory strategies which is why this person is living in the world of pronation. So you gotta take gravity out of the equation because that's where the biggest struggle is. So if you try to do anything in these upright positions with this person, at least from the get go, you're probably gonna see a lot of struggle because they cannot expand. So the best strategy to utilize in this situation is put them on their sides so start working inside line so we start about talking about shifting the pelvis from side to side doing that inside line doing the same thing with the upper thorax so those of you who have any skills in the PNF realm are going to be very, very useful for this person. So the scapular PNFs, the pelvic PNFs inside lying are money in this situation.

Those of you that have ever done a Feldenkrais course where you look at the segmental rolling associated with Feldenkrais, also very useful in these situations. Because what you have to do is you have to teach this person to release the superficial compensatory strategies which are concentric orientation and exhalation all day long and so no aggressive breathing under these circumstances a lot of sideline stuff like I said a lot of rolling orientations are going to be money here but you're probably going to have to guide this person at first and so you're going to have to actually create the ability to turn, but start in the sideline, take gravity out of the equation, and I think your success rate is gonna actually skyrocket under these circumstances. Once you start to recapture the internal and external rotations, then you can probably go back to some of your more supine, prone, quadruped, supported activities, working towards building them up from the ground, so to speak. Once they get enough hip flexion, shoulder flexion, you can put them into half kneeling situations, but you're probably always going to want to maintain some sort of asymmetrical representation so you don't lose the ability to turn. Quick review put them inside lying start to build the ability to turn under those circumstances Using your PNF diagonals they become money in this situation Superimpose the breathing on top of that But it has to be this gentle progressive kind of a nature because if you do anything too aggressive all you're gonna do is Squish them back into position. So hopefully Catherine I appreciate your question. I hope that's that's helped for you Hope everybody has a great weekend. I will see you guys next week

Because it's basically like you're integrating everything from all parts of science and all parts of the universe to come up with this universal theory of everything pretty much and we just supply it in the...

Don't ever give me that kind of credit. I'm an idiot like everyone else.

It applies to everything in the physical realm when we're talking about it. I'm just curious, how do you explain that to people for somebody who maybe you're like really skeptical about, you know, being like, well, why do you do that? That seems like stupid, you know?

So first of all, you need to know who you're talking to. The rule is you meet them at their story and ask them questions like, 'How do you think it happens?' Then you can find out more about how they're thinking. I understand the whole lever-and-pulley thing because it looks that way. But then you encounter problems when you recognize that if we're levers and pulleys, there must be fulcrums. But there are no fulcrums—joints don't actually touch; there's fluid between them. If joints don't touch, there can't be a fulcrum. If there are no fulcrums, there are no levers. If there are no levers, how do you move? That leads to the conversation. Again, it's not about being insulting or saying I'm smarter; it's just a matter of saying, 'I understand that perspective, but I don't agree with it for this reason.' You just have to provide reasoning. I'm all for being skeptical; I try to be as skeptical as I can. My greatest battle is fighting my own biases. I'm aware they exist, but I'm human, so it's difficult to overcome them. You have those conversations with yourself too, though it's easier in your own head than with someone else. You have to meet them wherever they are, and the easiest thing is to ask questions with great kindness. There's nothing wrong with offering your perspective: 'My perspective is this because...' You also don't have to pretend certainty. It's fine to say, 'I'm not really sure how to answer that, but...' followed by your reasoning. I have no qualms about being wrong—I'm sure some of what I express is wrong, but right now it makes sense to me and is useful in my decision making. When bumping into someone skeptical, applaud them. Being skeptical is part of being a critical thinker; that's what I'm doing when I talk. I'm not taking anything at face value. You tell me something happens, and I think, 'Okay, but I have reasons to believe otherwise.' It's about gathering more information and integrating it into one large model. It doesn't matter where you start—there's no right or wrong.

It's like, you tell me that this happens, but I have reasons to believe otherwise. Right. And again, it's just getting more and more information and then trying to, as you said, integrate all of this into one large model. So it doesn't matter. And, you know, there's nothing wrong with starting wherever you start. There's no right. There's no wrong.